ABS plastic does not yellow when laser marked
ABS plastic (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) is a widely used engineering plastic favored for its excellent mechanical properties, good toughness, and high heat resistance. However, when laser marking ABS plastic, especially dark or black ABS plastic, yellowing of the markings often occurs. This is because ABS plastic is a poor thermal conductor, and its molecular structure contains unstable unsaturated C=C double bonds. The heat generated by laser radiation is difficult to dissipate, leading to yellowing of the markings on the surface.
To address this issue, researchers have developed an ABS plastic with enhanced laser marking performance and its preparation method. This ABS plastic improves thermal stability and surface thermal conductivity by adding specific components such as carbon nanotubes, lanthanide oxides, liquid crystal polymers, and surface treatment agents. Specifically, carbon nanotubes have a very high aspect ratio and excellent thermal conductivity, enabling the heat generated by laser radiation to be uniformly transmitted and dispersed along the carbon nanotubes. The addition of lanthanide oxides and liquid crystal polymers lowers the glass transition temperature of the ABS plastic and increases its crystallinity, thereby improving its thermal properties. As a result, the marks formed on the surface of this modified ABS plastic after laser radiation are not only clear but also do not yellow.
Additionally, laser marking technology itself is continuously advancing. For example, using pulse width modulation technology to control the heat-affected zone, as well as optimizing the parameters of the laser marking machine—such as power, frequency, pulse width, and scanning speed—can also effectively reduce yellowing in ABS plastic during the laser marking process. For example, for black ABS plastic, it is recommended to use lower power (8-12W), shorter pulse width (5-15ns), and higher scanning speed (1500mm/s) to achieve clear white markings while avoiding yellowing.
In summary, by modifying the formulation of ABS plastic and optimizing the technical parameters of laser marking, the yellowing issue during the laser marking process can be effectively avoided. This not only improves the quality and aesthetics of the markings but also enhances the product's market competitiveness.
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